Historia del Ganchillo / Crochet

??st?r?? d?l ?r??h?t



En España lo llamamos ganchillo, pero el resto de los hispanoparlantes utiliza el termino frances crochet. ?? ??n??? ??m? h?k?n ?n ??l?nd?, h??kl?ng ?n D?n?m?r??, h?kl?ng ?n ??ru?g?, v?rkn?ng ?n ?u????, un??n?tt? ?n ?t?l??.

?tr?s f?rm?s d?l tr?b??? h??h? ? m?n? qu? h???n ?unt?, b?rd?d? ? qu? s? t??? s? ?u?d?n f??h?r mu? l???s ?n ?l t??m??, gr????s ? l?s h?ll?zg?s ?rqu??lóg???s, ?s?r?t?s fu?nt?s ? l?s r??r?s?nt????n?s ?lustr?d?s d? v?r??s ?l?s?s. ??r? n?d?? ?st? ?bs?lut?m?nt? s?gur? ?u?nd? ? d?nd? ?l ?r??h?t ??ns?gu?ó su ??m??nz?. L? ??l?br? v??n? d? ?r?? , ? ?l ?r??h? , l? ??l?br? fr?n??s? m?d?? ??r? ?l g?n?h?, ? l? v???? ??l?br? d? l?s nórd???s ??r? ?l g?n?h? ?s kr?kr.

??gún ?nn?? ??tt?r ?m?r???n?, ????rt? ?n ?l mund? d?l ?r??h?t, "?l ?rt? m?d?rn? d?l ?r??h?t v?rd?d?r? ??m? l? ??n???m?s h?? fu? d?s?rr?ll?d? dur?nt? ?l s?gl? ?V?. ?? ??n??í? ??m? " ??rdón d?l ?r??h?t " ?n Fr?n??? ? " ??rdón d? ??d?n? " ?n ?ngl?t?rr?." Y, W?lt?r ?dmund R?th ?n??ntró v?rd?d?r?s ???m?l?s d?l ?rt? d?l ?r??h?t ?n d?s??nd??nt?s d? l?s ?nd??s d? Gu???n? ?n 1916.


?tr? ?s?r?t?r ? ?nv?st?g?d?r, L?s ??lud?n d? D?n?m?r??, qu? l?m?t? su búsqu?d? d? l?s ?rí­g?n?s d?l ?r??h?t ? ?ur???, ?r???n? tr?s t??rí?s ?nt?r?s?nt?s.

?l ?r??h?t s? ?r?g?nó ?n ?r?b??, ??t?nd?énd?s? h???? ?l ?st? ?l ??b?t ? h???? ?l ??st? ? ?s??ñ?, d? d?nd? s?gu?ó l?s rut?s ??m?r???l?s ár?b?s ? ?tr?s ??ís?s m?d?t?rrán??s.

L? ?v?d?n??? más t?m?r?n? d?l ?r??h?t v?n? d? ?mér??? d?l sur, ?n d?nd? un? tr?bu ?r?m?t?v? fu? v?st? ut?l?z?nd? ?d?rn?s d?l ?r??h?t ?n r?t?s d? l? ?ub?rt?d.

?n ?h?n?, ???m?l?s t?m?r?n?s ?r?n ??n???d?s d? muñ???s tr?d?m?ns??n?l?s tr?b???d?s ?n ?r??h?t.
??r?, d??? ??lud?n, qu? ?n ?l f?nd? n? h?? "?v?d?n??? ??nv?n??nt? ?n ?u?nt? ? ?u?n v???? ?s ?l ?rt? d?l ?r??h?t ? d? d?nd? v?n?. ?r? ?m??s?bl? ?n??ntr?r l? ?v?d?n??? d?l ?r??h?t ?n ?ur??? ?nt?s d? 1800. ?u?h?s fu?nt?s ?nd???n qu? ?l ?r??h?t h? s?d? ??n???d? ??st?r??rm?nt? ?l 1500s ?n ?t?l?? b??? ?l n?mbr? d?l " tr?b??? d? l? m?n?? " ? d?l " ??rdón d? l? m?n??, " d?nd? fu? tr?b???d? ??r l?s m?n??s ??r? l?s t??t?l?s d? l? ?gl?s??, "?ll? d???. ?u ?nv?st?g???ón ?lr?d?d?r d? ???m?l?s d? f?br?????ón d? ??rdón ? d? un? ?l?s? d? ??nt? d?l ??rdón, mu?h?s d? l? ?u?l?s s? h?n ?r?s?rv?d?, ??r? d? "t?d?s l?s ?nd??????n?s ?s qu? ?l ?r??h?t n? ?r? ??n???d? ?n ?t?l?? ?nt?s d?l s?gl? ?V? " b??? n?ngún n?mbr?.

??mb?ur ? ?l n???m??nt? d?l ?r??h?t

L? ?nv?st?g???ón sug??r? qu? ?l ?r??h?t s? d?r?v? ?r?b?bl?m?nt? d? l? ??stur? ?h?n?, d? un? f?rm? mu? ?nt?gu? d? b?rd?d? ??n???d? ?n ?urquí­?, d? l? ?nd??, d? ??rs?? ? d? ?fr??? d?l n?rt?, qu? ?l??nz?r?n ?ur??? ?n l?s ?ñ?s 1700s ? fu?r?n ??n???d?s ??m? "t?mb?ur?ng," d?l "t?mb?ur fr?n?és" ? d?l t?mb?r.

?n ?st? té?n???, un? t?l? d? f?nd? ?s t?ns?d? ? ?st?r?d? ?n un m?r?? ? b?st?d?r. ?l h?l? d? l? l?b?r s? s?st??n? ??r d?b??? d? l? t?l? ? ?nt?n??s un? ?gu?? ??n un g?n?h? s? ?ns?rt? h???? ?b??? ? s? h??? un? l?z?d? ? tr?vés d? l? t?l?. ??n ?l l?z? t?d?ví? ?n ?l g?n?h?, ?st? s? ?ns?rt? un ???? más h???? ?d?l?nt? ? ??n ?tr? l?z?d? d?l h?l? s? ?l?b?r? un ?unt? ? s? tr?b??? ? tr?vés d? l? ?r?m?r l?z?d? ??r? f?rm?r un ?unt? ??d?n?. L?s g?n?h?s d?l t?mb?ur ?st?b?n t?n d?lg?d?m?nt? ?l?b?r?d?s ??m? ?gu??s d? ??stur?, ?sí qu? ?l tr?b??? d?b? h?b?r s?d? ?l?b?r?d? ??n un h?l? mu? d?lg?d?.

?n ?l f?n?l d?l dé??m? ??t?v? s?gl?, ?l t?mb?ur s? d?s?rr?lló ?n l? qu? l?s fr?n??s?s ll?m?b?n "?r??h?t ?n ?l ??r?," ?u?nd? l? t?l? d?l f?nd? fu? d?s??h?d? qu?d?nd? ?nt?n??s s?l? l? ?unt?d? d?l h?l?.

?l ?r??h?t ??m?nzó ? d?fund?rs? ?n ?ur??? ? ?r?n?????s d?l 1800s ? ?r?nt? r???b?ó un ?n?rm? ?m?u?ón ??r ?ll?. R??g? d? l? ?r?n?h?rd??r?, qu? ?r? m???r ??n???d? ??r su ??????d?d d? t?m?r l? ?gu?? ?l v???? ?st?l? d?l ??rdón ? b?b?n?, d?s?ñó l?s ??tr?n?s d? ?r??h?t qu? ?u?d?n s?r du?l???d?s fá??lm?nt?. ?ll? ?ubl??ó mu?h?s l?br?s s?br? ??tr?n?s d? ?r??h?t d? m?d? qu? m?ll?n?s d? mu??r?s ?ud??r?n ??m?nz?r ? ?????r sus d?s?ñ?s. ?ll?. R??g? t?mb?én d?m?ndó h?b?r ?nv?nt?d? "L???-L?k?" , h?? ll?m?d? ?r??h?t ?r?sh.

?l ?r??h?t ?n nu?str?s dí?s ?s ???r?s?ón ?rt?st???, ?nstrum?nt? d? l? ???n???, té?n??? ??r? l? ?r????ón d? ?ndum?nt?r??, m?d?? d? sust?nt???ón ???nóm???, m?v?m??nt? ?ultur?l, t?r???? méd??? ? s? h? g?n?d? un lug?r d?st???d? ?n l? h?st?r?? d? l? ?r????ón ? ?nv?nt?v? hum?n?.